Mold foe



R. T. WALES.

MOLD FOR CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 24.1915.

Patented Aug. 5, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

' k W INVENTOR a Q2 5 fila/knd B. T. WALES.

MOlD FOR CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 24,1915.

1 $312,462., Patented Aug. 5, 1919.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

5 i, i i F ygww I 6 By Attorneys,

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THE CDLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH Cm, WASHlNd'rDN, b. (L

v unrrnn STATES rATEnr curios.

ROWLAND '1. WALES, OF SEWAREN, NEW JERSEY.

MOLD FOR CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed July 24, 1915.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROWLAND T. WALES, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, residing at Sewaren, in the county of Middlesex and State ofNew Jersey,'have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Moldsfor Concrete Construction, of which the following is a specification.

This invention provides certain improvements in molds for use inbuilding structures of concrete or of similar material, or for facing orcovering structures with such material. The particular construction ofmolds to which these improvements apply embody the following. The platescomprise boards or panels against which the concrete is molded. They arecarried by a framework or a series of studs or supports. The studs aresecured and held in position by some usual or suitable method forsecuring and holding such members. The plates are held in position onthe supports by means of locks which engage the supports. Plates areadjustable and movable relatively to the studs and into and out ofposition without affecting the studs. They are likewise adjustable andmovable without affecting adjoining plates, except in special cases.Each lock is both adjustable and removable relatively to both plates andstuds and without moving studs and other locks or other plates thanthose immed-iately held by it. Such a construction permits using thesame plates and locks repeatedly in different parts of the sameframework of supports before a job is completed. It also permits thetaking down of the supports (after stripped of plates) and using thesame supports again in another part of the job. While two stud supportsare in any one position, a plate can be used between them repeatedly atsuccessively higher levels, each removal of the plate being made afterthe concrete behind it has become sufiiciently hard. The construction ofmolds described in the foregoing has the following advantages.

1. Uses less mold material on a single j ob.

2. Uses the same mold material repeatedly and without destruction onsuccessive jobs.

3. Is erected and dismantled quickly and with the minimum labor. 1

4;. Permits easy placing and supporting of any iron reinforcement withinthe mold space before the plates are locked in posi tion. Therefore theplates or boards do Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 5, 1919.

Serial No. 41,683.

not obstruct the workmen, and the several rods or parts of thereinforcement can be handled and fastened separately, directly andaccurately into their final positions.

'5. Possesses all the advantages of panel molds without sacrificing thestrength and accuracy possible by using studs and joists as inothermolds.

This invention provides certain new and useful improvements pertainingto the construction described in the foregoing. Some of the objectsaccomplished by these improvements are as follows 1. Improvements inlocks which assist in holding them in position and which give themmaximum strength with lninimum weight.

2. Improvements in studs which are suited to the locks.

3. An improved corner stud, corner lock and corner plate holder whichconjointly permit the use of loosely constructed corner plates andpermit varying the size of said plates for the outside corners of wallsof diiferent thickness.

4:. An improved inside corner stud adapted to use conjointly with theimproved corner lock.

Various metal shapes are suitable for manufacturing the studs and may beselected according to availability or economy and depending on thecharacter of work for which they will be used. A number of examples areillustrated herein, all of which embody essential features of thisinvention. Likewise the locks, their different parts and other parts ofthe invention may be varied in construction or in combination accordingeither to requirements or to economy in manufacture. A number ofexamples are illustrated herein, all of which embody essential featuresof this invention.

The'following is a general description of the several figures in the.accompanying drawings and without their details. lVhile reading thisdescription it should be under stood that any line on one figure whichinclicates the plane of a sectional view illustrated by another figureis marked with an arrow to show the direction of the View illustrated bythe other figure.

Figure 1 is a transverse vertical section through plates and concreteand shows the various parts assembled including plates, looks, a stud,and both a tie rod and a stringer for holding the stud in position.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section through the mold at a corner of the walland at a level to which the concrete has not yet been filled. It showsstringers, tie rods, studs, locks, plate ends, an inside corner and anoutside corner stud, corner locks, corner plates and outside cornerplate holders.

Fig. 3 shows a rear side elevation of an inside corner stud by lookingtoward Fig. 2 as the arrow marked (a), it showing part of a lock inposition on this stud.

Fig. 4: is an outside elevation of an out-- side corner plate holder, bylooking toward Fig. 2 as the arrow marked (5) and with everythingremoved from view except a lock engaging this plate holder.

F 5 shows an end elevation of the same outside corner plate holder bylooking toward Fig. 2 as the arrow marked (6) and with everythingremoved from view but a part of the corner stud near it and the lockconnecting it with the corner stud. The same view of the corner plateholder is obtained by looking toward Fig. 4.- as the other arrow marked(6).

Fig. 6 shows in large scale a horizontal section through one of theimproved studs and a plate end. It also shows one form of the lockadapted for use with the improved stud and partly cut away in thedrawing. This lock possesses the same essential features of locks shownin the other figures.

Fig. 7 is a vertical section through the lock in Fig. 6 on the line (8)in either Fig. 6 or Fig. 8.

Fig. 8 is a side elevation of the same look, looking toward Fig. 6 asthe arrow marked (9).

Fig. 9 shows a horizontal section through a stud with a wood faceadapted for leaving a rough concrete, plaster holding surface, alsoanother form of the look similar to that of Fig. 6 and possessing thesame essential features of the locks shown in the other figures, a plateend being also shown in horizontal section.

Fig. 10 is a side elevation of the lock in Fig. 9 looking toward Fig. 9as the arrow marked (11).

Fig. 11 is a plate lock, the screw of which is adapted to be turned by anail and may therefore fit close into a stud. There are three like itshown in smaller scale in Fig. 1, and five in Fig. 2.

Fig. 12 is another plate lock, adapted to fit close into a stud, itbeing operated with a sliding ring. There is one like it shown insmaller scale in the upper left of Fig. 2.

Figs. 13, 1 1, 15 and 16 are horizontal sectional views showing studswhich have a wood face against the concrete to form a rough, plasterholding surface thereon, a wood face being'also desirable for nailingthereto various strips, stay blocks and other stronger than the locks inthe preceding as shown in Fig. 17.

parts within the mold space. The stud in Fig. 13' comprises Z barsnailed toa wood member. In Fig. 13 is shown a plate lock which is suitedto heavy loads. It is figures, but is heavier and slower to operatebecause the screw must traverse a greater distance to release it. InFig. 14 is shown a look quite similar to the lock in Fig. 13. In Fig. 16is shown a lock with maximum strength and suited to the heaviest loads.It is shown engaging a plate at a safe distance inwardly of the plateedge. Fig. 17 is similar to Figs. 13, 14 and 16. r

The same letters without indexes and the same letters with the sameindexes indicate like parts in different figures or indifferentcombinations. Similar parts and closely related parts areindicated by the same letters where possible, but with different letterin- 85 deXes.

The following marks indicate details of a stud:

A in Fig. 6 is a sheet metal member located between the lock holes U andthe mold space and is adjacent the ends of the plates K.

A in Fig. 9 is like A and also has flanges adjoining the mold space forholding the plates. j

A in Figs. 9 and 16, is a wood member 95 adjoining the mold space. V

A in Fig. 17 is a sheet metal member located between the lock holes Uand the mold space and inclosed on its lateral sides within the stud.

C, C and C in Figs. 1, 6, 9, 13 and 1 7 are bolts for holding parts of astud together.

C in Fig. 15 are rivets for holding the opposite lateral sides of a studtogether.

E in Figs. 1, 6 and 17 indicates a metal plate 011 the side of the studadjoining the mold space. Its lateral extensions F constitute flanges onthe stud which prevent the plates K from entering the mold spaceand 110keep cement from entering between the stud and the plates K.

F are flanges equivalent to F described under E.

F are flanges described under E.

R, R R R and It in Figs 6, 9 and 13 to 17 inclusive are sheet metalmembers 'giv ing strength to the stud and having holes. U through. whichthe stud is engaged by locks.

S (see Fig. '9), is one of several like bars or plates connecting theflanges T at different points distributed longitudinally of a stud.These points are at the several bolts C shown on the stud R in Fig. 1. r125 T in Figs. 6, 9, 13, 16, and 17' are flanges on the outward side ofa stud from the mold space. They contribute strength to the stud andalso constitute a means for holding P U (see Figs. 1, 6, 9 and13 to 17inclusive) are holes in the lateral sides of a stud through which it isengaged by plate holding locks.

The following details are illustrated for holding the studs in position.See Figs. 1 and 2.

e are stringers holding the studs at proper distances from each otherlongitudinally of a wall.

f are tie rods which hold the studs adjacent the mold space. One rod 7generally passes through two studs directly opposite each other as shownand through the corresponding stringers 6 outside of which they areshown secured by a nut or other means. Wires are often used instead oftie rods.

The following reference characters indicate details of locks adapted toengage a stud and hold the plates in position. See principally in Figs.1, 2, 6 to 14 inclusive, 16 and 17. Some of the details appear also inother figures to which reference will be made when necessary.

P is a bar or member which transmits the load to a stud. In Fig. 6 italso prevents the lock from swinging out of position because it bearswithin the stud against a surface of R in Fig. 6. This surface extendslongitudinally within the stud and faces outwardly of the mold and maybe engaged throughout its length at any point. The point at which Pengages this surface is at a greater distance from the entrance to thehole Uengaged by the lock than the latter is from the point where Preceives the load. It thus gives a great leverage to hold the lock inposition and also power to carry the load.

P is a lug on P and extends transversely of the path by which the lockenters and leaves the stud. It prevents a look from moving laterally ofa stud and out of engagement with it.

P is an arm on P and P is an arm on P They prevent a lock from swingingout of position and from bending Q at P. P extends outwardly of themold.

P (see Fig. 13) is an arm on P P extends and presses laterally towardthe stud at a greater distance from the point at which P receives theload than is the hole U or the point at which P transmits the load tothe stud. This gives the look great leverage to maintain its positionand power to carry the load and prevents bending of Q at P. In Fig. 13 Pis shown partly cut away to show that it has a slot to admit Q andextends on both sides of Q to the stud.

P is a lug on P equivalent to P already described. In Fig. 16 it is ahead of a screw and'extends outwardly of the mold.

.P in Fig. 16 is an arm on P and prevents a look from swinging out ofposition because it extends inwardly of the mold and because" it. bearsagainst a surface within. a stud in the same manner as described for Pin Figs. 6 and 17.

P in Fig. 6 is a lug which prevents Z sliding off of P when the screws Qare loosened.

P in Figs. 2, 4 and 5 is part of a corner plate lock. It is a short bartraversed through its center by the screw Q. 011 an inside corner of themold it transmits the load to the inside corner stud h. On an out sidecorner of the mold it receives the load from the plate holder (M V).

P in Fig. 14, and

PF in Figs. 16 and 17 are screws which accomplish the same object as Pin Fig. 13 already explained under P but P and P are adjustable. P is inthe form of a bolt held to P by jam nuts and P traverses P Two screwssimilar to P may be located on a single lock in a similar manner as P inFig. 16.

P in Fig. 17 is a bent rod threaded at one end and having a nut. Thebent end is inserted in the back of a stud and the other end passesthrough a slot in P and is secured rigidly thereto by tightening thenut.

Q is a screw which traverses P inwardly and outwardly of the mold forresisting pressure outwardly of the mold at any position in the range ofits movement inwardly and outwardly of the mold. The load is transmittedby Q to P and by P to a stud or to a joist at a point very close to Q.The leverage of the load is therefore very short, and therefore givespower to the lock.

Q in Fig. 6 are screws which traverse Z and clamp Y laterally andthereby accomplish the same object as the screws Q in the other figures.Y receives considerable range of movement by a very short movement of QQ is therefore operated quicker than Q, but Y does not transmit the loadto P as close to the stud or joist as Q does in the other figures. Thismodification is therefore preferable for rapid work and lighter loadsthan the locks in the other figures which have a screw Q. Y may befastened securely in any position within its range of movement inwardlyand outwardly of the mold. At any such position it will resist outwardpressure which is a feature possessed also by Q in the other figures.

Q in Fig. 9 are screws in the form of bolts with nuts which traversethem. The nuts clamp Y laterally and thereby accomplish the same objectas the screws Q in other figures. Y receives a considerable range ofmovement byv a very short movement of the nuts. Q and Y are thereforealmost equivalent to Q and Y of Fig. 9 but cannot be as tightly clampedbecause of greater friction in turning nuts. It makes a more simple andcheap combination suitable for some work. The holes in P in Fig. 9 areshown countersunk to receive the heads of the bolts Q and also toprevent them from turning.

0 in Figs. 1 and 11 is a head on Q with holes for receiving a nail bywhich Q is turned. This head permits fitting the lock close to thelateral side of a stud.

V, W and X in Figs. 12, 13 and 2 respec t'ively are handles forturi'iing Q. V is a sliding ring and X is a clevis swinging on Q.

Y in Fig. 6 is a bar which is adjustable into diiierent positionsinwardly and outwardly of the mold as explained above with Q It holdsplates K in position. It is preferably tapered as illustrated andoutwardly oi the mold, so that it will wedge tighter if it starts tomove.

Y in Fig. 9 is a bar acting similarly to Y. It is preferably tapered asillustrated for the same reason as given for Y.

Y in Fig. 10 are slots in Y for admitting the bolts Q Z in Fig. 6 is abar or plate traversed by screws Q and holds them against Y.

Z in Fig. 9 is a bar or plate tapered to match Y and to give a surfaceparallel to the face of the nuts on the bolts Q Z and Z in Figs. 6, 7and 8 are sheet metal channels held together by the bolts Z andinclosing Z, Y and P so that Y can be clamped against P by turning Q Thefollowing reference characters indicate details which pertain to plates.

K (see Fig. 1 near bottom) is a plate in the form of a panelcou'iprising four boards held together and reinforced by the angle M,one wing of the angle being out of sight.

K (in Fig. 1 above K) are boards not connected and which are shown heldin position by an angle M against which they bear but to which they arenot fastened.

K in Fig. 2 is an inside corner plate reinforced by an angle iron M K inFig. 2 are vertically extending boards or plates on the outside cornerof the wall. They are fastened loosely together in panels by horizontalstrips K which are nailed loosely to them so that the horizontal widthof the panels may be easily varied by adding or removing boards ofdifferent widths. lValls of diiterent thickness require these cornerplates or panels to be of correspondingly different widths, butthe sameplate holders comprising the angles M may be used to hold plates orpanels of different widths.

The reference characters in the following indicate details which are notexplained in the foregoing groups. Some others are also explained.

M in Fig. 2 with K.

M in Figs. 2, 1 and 5 are angle irons partly explained with K Theyappear in better detail in Figs. 4 and 5. Two of them is an angle ironexplained are held together by the connecting plates N and thus form-anoutside corner plate holder with a space betwen the two angles andextending nearly their full length. In Fig. 2 they are each shown heldat one end by an ordinary plate lock which bears against the part N.They are held near the other end by a corner plate lock Q1, the screw ofwhich bears against the angle iron g of the outside corner stud orsupport g 9 The central part 9 of g g can be of wood. 9 g is shownsupported: in turn in the crotch formed by the stringers e e. g g is asupport for the outside corner plate locks, plate holders and plates.The corner plate lock @1 is adjustable longitudinally of the cornerplate holder M N, to any point on it within a given range. It is alsoadjustable longitudinally of a cornersupport or stud g 9 to any pointwithin a given range.

it (see Figs. 2 and 3) is an inside corner stud. In Fig. 2 it is shownsupported in a crotch formed by stringers c e.

k (see. Fig. 3) are holes in h for receiving Q of the locks.

If are rivets on which Q is supported when the locks are loose. Theserivets h are each disposed just below the level of a hole 72..

Any detail, element or part shown on apparatus illustrated in any onefigure in the drawings may be added toapparatus illustrated in the otherfigures wherever applicable, to accomplish the same purpose therein.Such use of elements in different apparatus applies conjointly with theapparatus illustrated in this application and in my copendingapplication Serial No. 802,867 November 25, 1913, my United StatesPatent No. 1,211,901 pertaining to molds for concrete construction. Anysuch element may also be eliminated from the apparatus where illustratedwhen unnecessary for some work.

The erection and removal of the mold can be speeded by using wing nutsin many places where ordinary nuts are shown. At permanent connectionsit is preferable in some cases to weld instead of using'bolts or rivets,and in other cases either rivets or bolts are suitable.

In work which does not require extensible joists and where joists of agiven length can be used indefinitely in new positions, such as inconstructing subways, a stud can be used in place of a joist.

I claim as my invention 1. A mold for concrete comprising a series ofstuds adjacent the mold space, each said stud having a lateral side ofsheet'metal perforated with holes distributed longitudilock having amember which is movable and adjustable into positions toward and fromthe mold space, said lock having another member which engages a studthrough one of said holes and presses outwardly of the mold atthe-entrance to said hole, the look also pressingon the lateral side ofthe stud at a point located at a greater distance from said entrancethan the distance between said entrance and the first said member, thelock thus maintaining its position by an effective leverage which alsogives it power to carry the load.

2. Amold for concrete comprising aseries of supports, plates heldadjacent the mold space by means which extend from a lateral side ofeach said support and which receives the load at one point, transmits itto the support at another point and presses against said lateral side atanother point which is at a greater distance from the mold space thanthe second said point, said means being adjustable relatively to boththe supports and the plates.

3. A mold for concrete comprising a series of supports, plates heldadjacent the mold space by means which extend from a lateral side ofeach said support and which receives the load at one point, transmitsitto the support at another point and has a screw which i presses againstsaid lateral side at another point which is at a greater distance fromthe mold space than the second said point, said means being adjustablerelatively to both the supports and the plates.

4:. A mold for concrete comprising a series of supports, plates heldadjacent the mold space by means which extend from a lateral side ofeach said support and which receives the load at one point, transmits itto the support at another point and presses against said lateral side atanother point which is at a greater distance from the mold space thanthe second said point, said means being ad justable relatively to boththe supports and the plates, and having a lug which resists lateralmovement from the support by extending transversely of the path of saidmovement, and thus assists in holding said means in position.

5. A mold for concrete comprising a series of studs adjacent the moldspace, each said stud having a lateral side of sheet metal perforatedwith holes distributed longitudinally of the stud, plates between thestuds and locks holding the plates in position adjacent the mold space,said locks being adjustable longitudinally of a stud, each said lockhaving a member which is movable and adjustable into positions towardand from the mold space, said lock having another member which engages astud through one of said holes and presses outwardly of the mold at theentrance to said hole, the lock also pressing laterally of the studagainst adjustable into positions toward and from the stud at a greaterdistance outward from the mold space than said holes and thusmaintaining its position by an effective leverage which also gives itpower to carry the load.

6. A mold for concrete comprising a series of studs adjacent the moldspace, each said stud having a lateral side of sheet metal perforatedwith holes distributed longitudinally of the stud, plates between thestuds and locks holding the plates in position adj acent the mold space,said locks being adjustable longitudinally of a stud, each said lockhaving a member which is movable and the mold space, said lock havinganother 'member which engages a stud through one of said holes andhaving within the stud a lug which extends transversely of the pathby-which the lock enters and leaves the stud and which prevents the lookfrom shifting laterally from the stud.

7. A mold for concrete comprising a series of studs adjacent the moldspace, each said stud having a lateral side of sheet metal perforatedwith holes distributed longitudinally of the stud, plates between thestuds and locks holding the plates in position adjacent the mold space,said locks being adapted to engage any of said holes perforated throughsaid lateral side of sheet metal and distributed longitudinally of astud, each said lock having a screw disposed substantially perpendicularto the mold space and held by another member which engages a studthrough one of said holes.

-8. A mold forming an outside corner for concrete and comprising acorner stud, a lock, a plate holder, a plate, a stud, and means forholding one end of the plate holder at the stud, the lock engaging theplate holder and bearing against the corner stud and being adjustablelongitudinally of both plate holder and corner stud, the said plateholder bearing against a plate and 110 preventing it from movingoutwardly from the mold.

9. A mold for concrete comprising plates, angle irons and a series ofstuds, locks engaging the studs and holding the angle irons 115 inposition, said angle irons holding the plates in position and beingmovable relatively to said plates, one wing of each angle iron beingadjacent the outer face of a plurality of said plates and the other wingex- 120 tending from the aforesaid wing toward the mold face and betweenone of said studs and the ends of said plates.

10. A mold for concrete comprising a series .of studs adjacent the moldspace, each 12 said stud having a lateral side of sheet metal perforatedwith holes distributed longitudinally of the stud, plates between thestuds, and locks holding the plates in position adjacent the mold space,each lock having a 39 member movable and adjustable into positionstoward and from the mold space, said lock having another member disposedthrough one of said holes and in contact with the stud at more than onepoint, said member'oressing outwardly of the mold at one said point andlaterally of the stud at another said point.

11, A mold for concrete comprising a series of studs adjacent the moldspace, each said stud having a lateral side of sheet metal perforatedwith holes distributed longitudinally of the stud, plates between thestuds and lOfOkS holding the plates in position adjacent the mold space,each lock having a screw disposed substantially perpendicular to themoldspace and held by a member disposed through one of said holes and incontact with the stud at more than one point, said member pressingoutwardly of the mold at one said point and laterally of the stud atanother said point.

12. A mold for concrete comprising plates, angle irons and a series ofstuds, loc' s engaging the studs and holding the angle irons inposition, said angle irons holding the plates in position and beingmovable relatively to said plates, one Wing of each angle iron beingadjacent the outer face of a plurality of said plates and the .otherWing extending from the aforesaid wing toward the mold face and betweenone of said studs and the ends of said plates, the first said wingbearing against said locks.

13. A mold for concrete comprising plates, angle irons and a series ofstuds having flanges adjacent the mold space, locks engaging the studsand holding the angle irons in position, said angle irons holding theplates in position against said flanges and V eing mofvable relativelyto said plates, one

wing of each angleiiron being adjacent the outer face of a plurality ofsaid plates and the other wing extending from the aforesaid Wing towardthe mold face and between one of said studs and the ends of said plates,the first said wing bearing against said'locks.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto si ned my name in the presence oftwo subscri ing witnesses.

ROWLAND T. WVALES. Witnesses:

CHAS; L'YoN RUSSELL, RENE BRUINE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of latents, Washington, D. G.

